After five years, RTCA and EUROCAE, the U.S. and European avionics standards organizations, are nearing the finish line in updating DO-178B, the bible for developers of safety-critical software. A cast of 1,000-plus people have observed or participated in the process and about 100 people show up at every meeting, according to one member of RTCA Special Committee 205 (SC-205). The industry expects the final package -- DO-178C -- to be released in the first quarter of 2011 and be mandated six to nine months after ratification.
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) -- from jets to rotorcraft -- have given U.S. forces a huge tactical advantage on the battlefields of Iraq and Afghanistan providing lethal strike capability and persistent intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR). UAVs are deployed for long hours in and greater numbers every year in military applications as well as in law enforcement and NASA research programs.
Synthetic vision, a computer-generated depiction of the terrain and obstacles from the pilot's perspective, is coming into wider use in many aircraft -- from high-end business jets to workhorse helicopters. Although the technology has not yet received credit from the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), it clearly increases situational awareness and reduces workload in the cockpit. Regardless of the weather or time of day, it is always visual flight rules (VFR) at noon on the synthetic vision display.
Military avionics displays take advantage of the latest commercial technology, such as LED (light emitting diode) and active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED), yet designers still face challenges integrating the new technology in rugged environments. Mature technologies such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are "very mature and barriers to entry are low -- with lots of new players saturating the market, says Gregory Walters, marketing manager of crew interface products at Honeywell Aerospace in Phoenix. "However, technological differentiators still exist in LED backlighting; lower cost, lower power consumption, higher reliability (almost 10 times), redundancy: no single bulb failure can shutdown the backlight.
Unmanned systems, military and commercial avionics systems, and solder-mounted applications require power and data connectors that are lighter and smaller than ever before, yet long-standing military specifications do not account for these reduced size and weight requirements especially regarding standard military circular connectors that link electronics boxes to other boxes or devices.
"NextGen is here!" That statement made by U.S. Transportation Secretary Ray LaHood in late May is a bit hyperbolized, but there can be no doubt that a major building block for the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen) now officially is here. LaHood's proclamation accompanied an announcement of the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA's) ruling for equipage for Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) "Out."
Nine years ago, a U.S. Navy EP-3 reconnaissance aircraft made an unauthorized emergency landing at a Chinese air base on Hainan Island in the People's Republic of China. The stricken electronics intelligence aircraft landed in China after a mid-air collision with a Chinese J-8II jet fighter caused severe damage to the EP-3. While reasons for the incident are in dispute, the so-called "Hainan Island Incident" was perhaps the defining event that brought electronic anti-tamper technology to the forefront of military avionics and electronics planning and development.
Every software engineer working on avionics systems has to deal with certifying their code to the Federal Aviation Administration’s DO-178B safety certification standard. The process is required for any aircraft that flies in civilian airspace and can be quite costly.
Historically the commercial avionics designers have preferred Arinc 429 and other databus protocols for their systems, but databus manufacturers say they are seeing growing interest in MIL-STD 1553 for use in commercial aircraft cockpits.
Electronic flight bag (EFB) designers are hopeful as the commercial avionics market is starting to turn upward and airlines are becoming more receptive to EFB technology.