Fundamentals of EMSO environmental generation engineering

Explore EME in EMSO and EW, covering key testing considerations and high-fidelity simulation as an alternative to OAR. Learn about simulation “truth,” scenario building with PDW and I/Q data, and DI vs OTA methods for realistic, multi-emitter testing
March 25, 2026

This white paper presents the fundamental concepts and engineering considerations of electromagnetic environmental simulation (EME) in the context of electromagnetic spectrum operations (EMSO) and electronic warfare (EW) systems. It defines EMSO and EW, highlighting the importance of high-fidelity simulation for testing and validating complex EW platforms, particularly as an alternative to costly and less secure open-air range (OAR) testing.

The paper examines key testing levels and introduces the concept of “truth” in simulation, differentiating between simulation, chamber, and device truth. It also describes the process of constructing realistic scenarios, including threat modeling using Pulse Descriptor Words (PDW) and I/Q data.

In addition, the document compares direct injection (DI) and over-the-air (OTA) test setups, and discusses approaches to simulating multiple emitters in parallel for comprehensive, real-time evaluation.