ARLINGTON, Va. – U.S military researchers continue to expand their stable of universities that are working on applying advanced concepts in quantum computing to future military missions. Quantum computing harnesses the phenomena of quantum mechanics to deliver a huge leap forward in computation to solve certain problems.
Officials of the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, announced a $1.8 million contract on Tuesday to the University of California in Berkeley, Calif., for the Quantum-Inspired Classical Computing (QuICC) project.
QuICC seeks to improve high-performance computing performance by at least two orders of magnitude using quantum computing techniques called quantum-inspired solver systems. The Air Force Research Lab awarded the contract on behalf of the U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in Arlington, Va.
University of California joins the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Mich., and the University of Rochester in Rochester, N.Y., on the QuICC project. Michigan won a $653,805 contract on 30 Jan. 2023, and Rochester won a $1.6 million QuICC contract in mid-December.
Experts from Berkeley, Michigan, and Rochester will develop quantum-inspired solver systems that solve realistic problems for military missions. Quantum-inspired solvers are hybrid: they are classical mixed-signal systems that consist of analog hardware and digital logic.
The analog hardware typically emulates interacting dynamic systems, and the digital logic processes the analog results to obtain quality solutions.
The objective is to deliver system prototype that can improve computational efficiency by at least 50 times for intermediate problem sizes and to show the feasibility of improving efficiency by at least 500 times for mission-scale problems.
The QuICC program will focus on classical hybrid mixed-signal systems; all-digital solvers or quantum computing are not part of the program.
Related: The future of artificial intelligence and quantum computing
Many U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) missions are limited by available computing resources. Quantum computing may be a potential solution, yet there is nothing to suggest that quantum computing every will be feasible for military size-, weight-, and power- (SWaP)-constrained environments.
Detailed analysis of quantum computing has led to new algorithms and hardware, while delivering significant advantages over all-digital computing. This is where quantum-inspired solvers may come in.
Quantum-inspired analog hardware typically emulates interacting dynamic systems like magnetic spins, and the digital logic processes the results.
Related: Advances in quantum computing is goal of Lockheed Martin-University of Maryland partnership
Experts predict that prototype quantum-inspired could outperform conventional and quantum computers by a factor of 10,000, but have been demonstrated on small problems not typical of what the military needs.
A key QuICC metric for Berkeley, Michigan, and Rochester experts will be computational efficiency. To overcome scaling challenges, the program seeks solutions with algorithmic and analog hardware co-design, alongside application-scale benchmarking applications like Boolean satisfiability (SAT), maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), maximum-fault minimum-cardinality (MFMC) sampling, and mixed-integer linear programming (MILP).
The program has three technical challenges: scaling analog hardware advantages to mission relevant problems; limiting the growth of digital computations with problem size; and realizing predictive benchmarks at prototype system scales.
The QuICC program is five-year effort with a two year first phase, an 18-month second phase, and an 18-month, and an 18-month optional third phase. The program milestones will advance the scaling of quantum-inspired solver technology progressively toward mission-relevant problems and sizes.
The QuICC project may spend as much as $58 million over its entire duration. The program comprises two technical areas: solver co-design and mission relevant benchmarking; and analog hardware prototyping.
For more information contact the University of California-Berkeley online at https://vcresearch.berkeley.edu/research-unit/berkeley-quantum-information-and-computation-center, the University of Michigan at https://umich.edu, University of Rochester at www.rochester.edu/research/technology.html, or DARPA at www.darpa.mil.
